The Origin of the Dog

 

New evidence reveals the first domesticated dogs in East Asia, probably in China. The first human to set foot in North America brought with dogs of Asia. Genetic research has identified 14 ancient dog breeds. Among them, Chow Chow, Sharpei, Akita, Shiba and the Basenji is the oldest dog breeds. The theory that dogs originated from Asia may be believed because most of the 14 ancient dog breeds originated from China and Japan.

Dog Relationship with humans

Dogs are social animals like humans. Proximity dog with human behavior patterns make dog can be trained, to play, to live with humans, and talk to socialize with people and other dogs. Dogs have a unique position in interspecies relationships. Loyalty and dedication shown dogs are very similar to the human concept of love and friendship. Although it is a dog's natural instincts as a group of animals, dog owners really appreciate the loyalty and devotion of the dog and take it as their own family members. Pet dog often to be given the same family name as the name of the owner. Instead, the dog considers man as a member of the group. Dogs are only slightly differentiating position with fellow dog owner who is still one group, and often not even tell the difference at all.

Dog Terminology

The term refers dog wolf Canis lupus familiaris result of domestication. Dogs never classified as speseies different from wolves, Canis familiaris, by Linnaeus in 1758. In 1993, the Smithsonian Institution and the Association of American Mammals assign the dog as a subspecies of the gray wolf, Canis lupus. In Indonesia, the original coyote Sumatra and Java island called invite.

Dog Intelligence

People love dogs because dogs are intelligent animals. Dogs are considered to have a high enough intelligence according to scientific research and field evidence. The level of intelligence of dogs depending on their race and each dog individually. Border Collie dog breeds known to comply with and carry out various commands. Other breeds of dogs may not be interested to follow the commandments of men, but rather show intelligence in other things like herding. The origin of the dog as descended from wolves that live in groups makes it so much easier trained dog than other animals. As a member of the group, dogs have instincts to obey. Most dogs do not often have to deal with the tricky task-complicated, so no chance to learn things the hard stuff like opening a door without human assistance. Dogs that have been trained as a guide dog for the blind can recognize a wide range of hazards and how to avoid such a situation.

Dog Physical characteristics

Dog breeds vary greatly in size, appearance, and behavior compared with other pets. Most of the dogs still have the physical characteristics derived from wolves. Dogs are predators and scavengers, possessing sharp teeth and strong jaws for attacking, biting, and tearing food. Special features of the ancestral wolf still survive in dogs, although selective breeding has succeeded in changing the physical form of various breeds. The dog has powerful muscles, fused ankle bone, cardiovascular system that supports physical endurance and speed running, and teeth for catching and tearing prey. When compared with the bone structure of the human foot, dogs technically walk on tiptoe with the toes.

Dog Smell

Dogs have nearly 220 million olfactory cells that are sensitive to the smell. Breadth about as wide as a handkerchief, a very large compared to the olfactory cells of human beings. For comparison, humans only have 5 million olfactory cells, which occupy a wide area of a postage stamp. Some breeds even deliberately bred puppies that were born with the sense of smell nicer. Information collection mechanisms in the brain of dogs by particles which managed to sniff the smell is not known clearly. According to the research, dogs can distinguish two types of smell: the smell particles in the air that spreads from person or thing, and odor particles in the soil that can still be detected after some time. Characteristics of the two types of particles seems to be quite different smell. Odor particles in the air easily lost, but perhaps not so obvious and mixed odors, while the smell of the soil particles are relatively more permanent. Sniffer dogs should be invited to do so repeatedly and carefully, because the smell that sticks in the ground can be easily contaminated by other odors. Coach bloodhound already understand that dogs no longer possible to learn to track odors in the natural ability possessed since birth. Dogs can only be motivated preferably and taught to concentrate on the main trail of scent. Trained sniffer dogs should be able to ignore many other traces of odor. Untrained dogs are usually happy to sniff various odors than a trail of scent that was ordered. When making an exhausting job for dogs (eg search for contraband on board), the dog must be motivated to want to work hard in a long time.

Dog Food

Most experts now are debating animal pet dog belonging to omnivorous or carnivorous animals by the food we eat. Classification into order carnivores does not mean the dog must eat meat only. Unlike the cat family that belongs to true carnivores with a shorter small intestine, dogs do not depend on specific meat protein or high-protein foods to meet the most basic food needs. Dogs can digest with good variety of foods, including vegetables and cereals that can be consumed by dogs in large portions. Plants eaten wild dogs to meet the needs of amino acids. In addition, wild dogs also eat the contents of the stomach and intestines contain herbs that are digested herbivorous animals which prey. Pet dog can survive only with healthy vegetarian diets are mixed well, especially those that contain milk and eggs. But some sources doubt this fact, vegetarian dog feared could have an enlarged heart muscle Dilated cardiomyopathy caused by lack of amino acid L-carnitine [11]. However, dogs can stay healthy if given a balanced nutrition for L-carnitine is a naturally conceived various types of beans, grains, vegetables, fruits, and cereals without peel. In the wild, dogs can survive on a vegetarian diet when animal prey is not available. But based on scientific research and experience during Iditarod race that requires dogs to survive for days in a state of violent nature, the dog must have a high protein diet (40% concentration) including meat to prevent damage to muscle tissue. A similar study is also applicable to other mammals. A high percentage of protein in wild dogs that consumed the prey is abundant. Feeding with protein levels higher than the required percentage seems to be no additional benefit for the dog. Dogs are often avid eat grass which can neutralize stomach acid and make the dog vomit. Dogs can remove unwanted substances from the stomach by way of vomit. This ability comes from eating habits owned animals hunt in packs. Food should be swallowed as quickly as possible so that you can eat as much as possible before the other members of the herd spent. After the meal, the dog often brings back the bones that can not be digested, fur animals of prey, and so on.

Article source : http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjing